Kalugumalai's history dates back to the Pandya dynasty, who were great patrons of art and architecture. The Vettuvan Koil, a monolithic rock-cut temple, is believed to have been commissioned in the 8th century but remained incomplete due to unknown reasons. The town also houses Jain beds and inscriptions, indicating a period of Jain influence. These historical remnants provide valuable insights into the religious and artistic practices of the era. Over the centuries, Kalugumalai has witnessed the rise and fall of various dynasties, each leaving its mark on the town's cultural landscape. Today, it stands as a testament to the rich heritage of Tamil Nadu.