The Thanjavur Art Gallery is located in the Nayak Durbar Hall, a part of the Thanjavur Palace, which has a history dating back to the Nayak Dynasty. The palace complex was further developed by the Maratha rulers who succeeded the Nayaks. The gallery itself was established to preserve and showcase the region's artistic heritage. The collection includes artifacts gathered from various temples and historical sites in and around Thanjavur. Over the years, the gallery has become a prominent cultural institution, attracting visitors from all over the world. It serves as a repository of knowledge and a testament to the artistic skills of the artisans who lived and worked in the region centuries ago. The gallery continues to play a vital role in promoting and preserving the cultural identity of Thanjavur.