Papanasam's history is deeply intertwined with the Thamirabarani River and the ancient Papanasam Temple. The temple's origins are believed to date back several centuries, with various dynasties contributing to its development. The region was under the rule of the Pandya and Chola empires, evident in the architectural styles of the temple. The Thamirabarani River has always been considered sacred, and Papanasam's location along its banks has made it a significant pilgrimage site. The British also recognized the region's importance, establishing a hydroelectric power plant here, harnessing the power of the waterfalls. Over time, Papanasam has evolved into a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors seeking spiritual solace and natural beauty.