The area's history is intertwined with maritime trade and colonial influences. Point Calimere served as an important navigational point for ships traversing the Bay of Bengal. The British established a lighthouse here in the 19th century, which still stands today. The region's ecological significance was recognized, leading to the establishment of the sanctuary in 1967 to protect its unique flora and fauna. Local communities have historically relied on the area's resources for fishing and salt production. The sanctuary's management aims to balance conservation efforts with the needs of these communities, promoting sustainable practices.