Anini's history is intertwined with the Idu Mishmi tribe, who have inhabited the Dibang Valley for centuries. The area remained largely isolated until the mid-20th century when the Indian government began establishing administrative presence. The town's development has been gradual, with infrastructure improvements aimed at connecting it with the rest of the country. Anini's strategic location near the Indo-China border has also played a role in its history, with the presence of military establishments. While not rich in grand historical monuments, Anini's history lies in the enduring traditions and cultural heritage of its indigenous population.